A Digital Product Passport data model combines a unique product identifier, a data carrier, a set of required data points and access rights. The ESPR fixes horizontal elements such as identifiers, the operator, the commodity code, substances of concern and the carrier, while product-specific delegated acts add category fields. European standards work under CEN-CENELEC JTC 24 is defining the common technical model.
What are the core elements?
A unique product identifier, a unique operator identifier, the data carrier, the required data points and the access levels that decide what is public and what is restricted. These are the parts that make a passport interoperable rather than a private database.
Where do the fields come from?
The ESPR sets horizontal data points that apply across categories. Each product group's delegated act adds its own fields and rules. A workable data model composes the horizontal core with the category schema.
Which standards shape the model?
CEN-CENELEC JTC 24 is developing the European standards for the DPP system, alongside GS1 identifier and Digital Link standards and semantic practices for machine-readable data. Treat drafts as provisional until they are published.
Frequently asked questions
Is there one official DPP schema for every product?
No. There is a horizontal core plus product-specific fields set by each delegated act, so the exact schema depends on the product group.
Should identifiers be human-readable?
They must be persistent and resolvable. Human readability helps operations, but stability and uniqueness matter most for a record that must last.