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Batteries digital product passport

Chemistry, capacity, carbon footprint, recycled content, due diligence and lifecycle evidence.

A battery passport brings model data, item-level identity, carbon footprint, material composition, performance, due diligence and lifecycle information into one controlled record. Exact access rights vary by data field.

Regulatory content reviewed 8 October 2026

Regulatory position

Regulations and applicability

The rules below do different jobs. Some are enforceable sector requirements, some establish the DPP architecture, and some announce future product measures. Each card explains the distinction.

Current requirement01

Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 (Batteries), Article 77 and Annex XIII

What it covers
Applies to batteries placed on the EU market. Article 77 introduces passports from 18 February 2027 for EV batteries, light-means-of-transport batteries and industrial batteries above 2 kWh.
What it means for the record
Model information and battery-specific information must be structured separately. Annex XIII also divides public data from information reserved for authorities and legitimate-interest users.
DPP framework02

Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 (ESPR)

What it covers
Provides the common EU architecture for identifiers, data carriers, interoperability, access rights, the registry and long-term availability.
What it means for the record
Use persistent identifiers, machine-readable data and explicit access policies rather than treating the passport as a static PDF.
Data to structure

Recommended passport structure

Organize the record in stable blocks so identity, technical facts, evidence and access rules can change without losing provenance.

01

Identity and scope

Defines exactly which model, batch or item the record describes.

Data to structureBattery model, category, chemistry and unique identifier
Supported by

Technical specifications and conformity records

Primary data ownerProduct manufacturer
02

Composition and origin

Connects components, materials, suppliers and facilities.

Data to structureRated capacity, energy, expected lifetime and performance
Supported by

Supplier material and recycled-content declarations

Primary data ownerSuppliers and facilities
03

Performance and impact

Holds measured, calculated and declared product attributes with their basis.

Data to structureCarbon footprint, recycled content and critical raw materials
Supported by

Carbon-footprint study and calculation basis

Primary data ownerCompliance and testing
04

Lifecycle and traceability

Maintains repair, use, custody and end-of-life information over time.

Data to structureManufacturing place, due-diligence records and lifecycle events
Supported by

Repair, repurposing and end-of-life documentation

Primary data ownerService and lifecycle partners

Evidence to connect

Technical specifications and conformity records · Supplier material and recycled-content declarations · Carbon-footprint study and calculation basis · Repair, repurposing and end-of-life documentation

Live example

Open a published passport

A battery passport published on DPP Shield: identifiers, materials, substances of concern, carbon footprint, repair information, six evidence documents and a verifiable credential you can check.

Demonstration data for illustration, not a real product.
Open the sample passportMachine-readable JSON GS1 Digital Link
DPP Shield

A practical readiness workflow

01

Scope

Identify the exact product, economic-operator role, market and applicable legislation.

02

Map

Map authoritative source records to stable product, operator and facility identifiers.

03

Validate

Review completeness, consistency, access rights and the evidence behind each claim.

04

Publish

Approve a versioned public view while protecting restricted and personal data.

AEO

Questions teams ask

Which batteries need a passport in 2027?

Article 77 of the Batteries Regulation covers EV batteries, batteries for light means of transport, and industrial batteries above 2 kWh placed on the market or put into service from 18 February 2027.

Is every field public?

No. Annex XIII separates generally accessible information from data restricted to notified bodies, authorities and parties with a legitimate interest.

What data structure should a Batteries passport use?

Organize at least four governed blocks: Battery model, category, chemistry and unique identifier; Rated capacity, energy, expected lifetime and performance; Carbon footprint, recycled content and critical raw materials; Manufacturing place, due-diligence records and lifecycle events. Every value should retain its source, effective date, product level and review status.

Which evidence should support the Batteries passport?

The evidence file should cover Technical specifications and conformity records; Supplier material and recycled-content declarations; Carbon-footprint study and calculation basis; Repair, repurposing and end-of-life documentation. A public view can cite approved evidence without exposing restricted files or confidential data.

Related categories

Related categories

AutomotiveElectronicsMetals (iron, steel, aluminium)
Batteries

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